Kujya mu mihango; abandi banabyita kujya imugongo; hari n’ababyita kujya mu kibada, ni ubuzima ngaruka kwezi buri mugore n’umukobwa wese udafite ikibazo cy’ubuzima agomba gucamo.
Ni igihe ariko bamwe badashobora gukumbura bitewe n’ububabare bagira muri icyo gihe. Ese kugira ububabare bukabije mu gihe cy’imihango biterwa n’iki? Ni bande se bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ubwo bubabare? Ni iki se wakora mu gihe ugira ubwo bubabare? Ni byo tugiye kugarukaho muri iyi nkuru.
Nifashishije ubushakashatsi bunyuranye bwakozwe kuri iyi ngingo, ibinyamakuru binyuranye byandika ku nkuru z’ubuzima, ndetse n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ku Isi (OMS).
Ubundi ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango, mu ndimi za kiganga bwitwa Dysmenorrhea. Iri ni ijambo rikomoka mu rurimi rw’Ikigereki bisobanura mu rurimi rw’Icyongereza ngo ‘Painful monthly bleeding.’ Ari byo nyine kubabara mu gihe cy’imihango.
Ubu bubabare, akenshi bufata mu nda yo hasi/mu kiziba cy’inda rimwe na rimwe no mu mugongo wo hasi, buba mu byiciro 2 ari byo: Primary Dysmenorrhea ndetse na Secondary Dysmenorrhea.
Primary Dysmenorrhea: Ni igihe ubwo bubabare budafitanye isano n’ubundi burwayi runaka cg ikindi kibazo cy’ubuzima, ahubwo bwatewe nyine n’imihango ku mpamvu turibugarukeho.
Secondary Dysmenorrhea: Ni igihe ubwo bubabare bufitanye isano n’ikindi kibazo kiri mo imbere muri nyababyeyi cg se inyuma ya yo.
Hari ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko hagati ya 16% na 91% by’abagore bari mu gihe cyo kororoka bababara mu gihe cy’imihango. Muri abo, hagati ya 2% na 29% bakagira ububabare bukabije. By’umwihariko kandi, ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango bukiharira 80% mu bangavu. Muri bo 40% bakagira ububabare bukabije.
Ni ibiki rero biba intandaro y’ubu bubabaremu gihe cy’imihango?
Primary Dysmenorrhea:
Kuri ubu bubabare budafitanye isano n’ubundi burwayi runaka ngo buterwa n’ibyitwa Prostaglandins F (PGF). Ubu ni ubwoko bw’intungamubiri zo mu cyiciro cya za Lipids, ariko zikora nk’imisemburo.
Mu gihe cy’imihango, uwo musemburo ufasha nyababyeyi kwikandakanda (contracting) kugira ngo agahu k’umworohera kaba kari kuri nyamababyeyi kazwi nka Endometrium, ari na ko gasohoka mu gitsina cy’umugore mu buryo bw’imihango, gashobore gushiraho kuri nyababyeyi.
Uko kwikandakanda kwa nyababyeyi rero ni byo bituma bamwe mu bakobwa cg abagore bagira ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango, by’umwihariko mu minsi ya mbere y’imihango kuko ari bwo uwo musemburo urekurwa.
Ingano y’ububabare nayo irutanywa bitewe n’ingano y’uwo musemburo umubiri watanze. Uko uzamuka ni nako ububabare burushaho kuba bwinshi mu gihe uko uba muke na byo bigabanya ubwo bubabare ku buryo nyine hari n’abatababara.
Secondary Dysmenorrhea:
Kuri ubu bubabare bufitanye isano n’ikindi kibazo kiri mo imbere muri nyababyeyi cg se inyuma ya yo, bushobora guterwa n’ibibazo bikurikira:
1.Endometriosis: Iyi ni indwara iterwa no kuba hari utunyama duto/tissue tumeze nka wa mwohohera wo kuri nyababyeyi dukurira ku bindi bice byo hanze ya nyababye birimo: imiyoborantanga, udusabo tw’intanga,uruhago, n’ahandi.
Ibi rero bitu umugore iyo agiye mu mihango agira uburibwe bukabije mu kiziba cy’inda, akenshi bigatangirana n’inshuro ye ya mbere agiye mu mihango kugeza acuze.
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima ku Isi (OMS) ivuga ko ku Isi yose, abagore bagera kuri miliyoni 190 bari mu myaka yo kororoka, 10% by’abagore bose bari muri iyo myaka bagira iki kibazo.
Ni ikibazo kandi gikenera kuvurwa hakiri kare kuko biba intandaro yo gusama bigoranye ku bagore.
2. Adenomyosis: aha ho utunyama duto/tissue tumeze nka wa mwohohera wo kuri nyababyeyi, dukuriramo imbere muri nyababyeyi
3. Uterine fibroids: Ibi ni ibibyimba biza muri nyababyeyi ariko bitari kanseri.
4. Pelvic inflammatory disease: Ni za infection zifata bimwe mu bice bigize urwungano rw’imyanya myororokere y’umugore, ahanini bitewe n’idwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zitavuwe neza.
5. Bumwe mu buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro buzwi nka IUD cg Intrauterine contraceptive device: Ubu ni uburyo bwifashisha agapira bashyira muri nyababyeyi, gashobora gukora kugeza ku myaka 10 gafasha umugore kudasama.
6. Ubumuga bwa nyababyeyi (kugira nyababyeyi idakoze mu buryo busanzwe): aho harimo nko kugira nyababyeyi 2 (double Uterus), nyababyei ifunguye hejuru (arcuate uterus), nyababyeyi ifite uruhande rumwe (unicornuate uterus) nyababyeyi ifite ishusho y’umutima (bicornuate uterus) ndetse na nyababyeyi yigabanyijemo ibindi bice imbere (septate uterus)
Ni bande bafite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango?
Nubwo buri mukobwa wese cg umugore yagira ububabare mu gihe cy’imihango, hari bamwe bafite ibyago byinshi. Abo barimo: abagore banywa itabi, abagore/abakobwa banywa inzoga bari mu mihango, abagore bafite ibiro byinshi, abagore/abakobwa batangiye kujya mu mihango mbere y’imyaka 11 y’amavuko n’abagore batigeze babyara bwa mbere.
Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?
Mu gihe wumva ugira ububabare bukabije, ku buryo no kwihangana byanga, yewe ukananirwa no gukora imirimo yawe ya buri munsi cyangwa se ubwo bubabare bukaba bumara igihe kirekira, kuva hejuru y’iminsi ibiri ku buryo bunakomeza na nyuma y’imihango; ndetse n’igihe wumva ubwo bubabare budasanzwe ugereranyije na mbere, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga bakareba niba udafite bwa bubabare bushamikiye ku yindi ndwara (secondary dysmenorrhea).
Impamvu nuko, ibyo bibazo bishobora kubyara izindi ngaruka zikomeye zirimo no kutabyara
