Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) imaze imyaka isaga 30 mu mvururu zidasiba guhitana ubuzima bwa benshi, gusenya ibikorwa remezo no gutera ubuhunzi abatuye mu Burasirazuba bw’iki gihugu. Igiteye impungenge kurusha ibindi, ni uko ubuyobozi bwa RDC ndetse n’ibihugu bikomeye ku Isi bikomeje kugwa mu mutego wo kwirengagiza impamvu nyamukuru z’ibi bibazo, bigakomeza kwifashisha ibibazo by’imbere mu gihugu nk’imvano y’inyungu bwite.
Ubutegetsi bwa Congo ntibugaragaza ubushake bwo gukemura burundu ibibazo byugarije abaturage, cyane cyane Abanye-Congo b’Abatutsi, bahora bibasiwe kuva mu 1994 ubwo Interahamwe n’ingabo za Habyarimana zatsindwaga n’iza FPR-Inkotanyi maze zigahungira muri Zaire.
Ubucungizi bw’uburenganzira bw’Abanye-Congo: Aho guharanirwa amahoro hagiye habera imikino ya politiki
Muri iyi myaka yose, ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi, ubusahuzi, n’ubuhunzi bw’Abatutsi ba Congo byamaganwaga cyane na M23, umutwe wavutse ku banyagihugu bashakaga kugarurirwa uburenganzira bwabo nk’Abanye-Congo. Nubwo bahora basaba ibiganiro bigamije amahoro, ubutegetsi bwa Kinshasa bwahitamo inzira y’intambara, bukabyitirira ko ari “ibikorwa by’u Rwanda.”
Abayobozi nka Laurent-Désiré Kabila na Joseph Kabila babanje kugaragaza ko bazi ikibazo cy’abaturage b’Abatutsi ariko ntibigeze bagira icyo bagikoraho ku buryo kirangira. Muri manda ya mbere ya Felix Tshisekedi, icyizere cyarabaye gike kurushaho ubwo yatereraga Abatutsi ba Congo mu maboko ya FDLR n’ingabo za FARDC zifatanya nazo, aho kubarinda.
Kubura amahitamo ni byo byateye M23 kongera gufata intwaro mu 2021. Ibi byakurikiwe n’intambara y’urudaca aho uyu mutwe wigaruriye ibice binini bya Kivu ya Ruguru na Kivu y’Amajyepfo, abaturage baho bagatangira gutangaza ko bataherukaga amahoro nk’ayo bari bafite mu gihe bagengwa na M23.
Imitwe nka FDLR, FARDC n’Abacancuro boherejwe na SADC, MONUSCO n’u Burundi ntibigeze batanga igisubizo gihamye, ahubwo byarushijeho gutuma uburenganzira bwa muntu bwangirika. Abaturage barasahuwe, baricwa, n’abafite inkomoko y’Abatutsi bicwa urubozo babeshyerwa ko ari ibyitso.
Ibyo byose biba mu gihe bamwe mu banyapolitiki i Kinshasa bakomeje gukoresha intambara nk’uburyo bwo kuguma ku butegetsi no kunyereza umutungo w’igihugu. Abarwanira amabuye y’agaciro b’amahanga na bo babaye abategetsi badahita—iyo hageze ibice bikungahaye ku butunzi, bashyigikira urugomo ngo bakomeze gucukura nta nkomyi.
Ubucungizi bw’uburenganzira bw’Abanye-Congo bwagiye busimburwa n’inyungu z’abandi. Amahanga akomeye aho kotsa igitutu Tshisekedi ngo yicare kumeza y’ibiganiro na M23, yihitiyemo kwigira nk’abarebera, ahubwo akajya yakira impunzi aho kuzifasha gutaha. Iyo ni politiki yo kubungabunga inyungu zayo ku birombe by’amabuye y’agaciro, aho kurengera ubugingo bwa muntu.
Kugeza ubu, M23 iracyasaba amahoro, ivuga ko itifuza kurwana ahubwo ishaka ko impunzi z’Abanye-Congo bahejejwe mu bihugu by’abaturanyi bataha, bagahabwa uburenganzira nk’abandi baturage. Ariko impungenge ni uko ibyavugwaga n’abababanjirije Tshisekedi bisa n’aho bigiye gusubirwamo, bigasigara mu magambo no mu masezerano adashyirwa mu bikorwa.
Ese M23 izihangana kugeza igihe amahanga n’ubuyobozi bwa RDC bizemera kwicara kumeza bagashyira imbere icyiza rusange? Cyangwa ubusabe bwabo buzongera gusuzugurwa, ubwicanyi bugasubira aho bwavuye?
Ikigaragara ni uko hari abatifuza amahoro muri RDC—kuko iyo habaye amahoro, inyungu zabo zicika. Abashaka amahoro ni bake, kandi barwanira ukuri bafite impamvu. Uko biri kose, RDC irakennye, abaturage bararira, amahanga arabirebera, ariko igisubizo cy’ukuri kizava ku bantu bashyira imbere uburenganzira bw’umuntu aho gushyira imbere inyungu za politiki.
